Following a bench trial, on September 10, 2021, the Honorable Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California issued an order resolving antitrust and unfair competition claims brought by Epic Games, Inc. (“Epic”) against Apple Inc. (“Apple”). Epic challenged Apple’s App Store restrictions that (1) prohibit distribution of iOS applications (“apps”) for Apple’s iPhone and iPad devices outside Apple’s App Store; (2) require app purchases and in-app transactions for digital content to exclusively use Apple’s In-App Purchase (“IAP”) payment system, on which Apple collects a 30% commission for all transactions; and (3) contain anti-steering provisions that restrict app developers from informing users about other payment mechanisms.